Class 10th Science

But, before starting the detailed CBSE Class 10 Syllabus for Science, allow us to have a glance at the units included within the syllabus along side the marks distribution:

Unit No Unit Name Marks
1 Chemical Substance – Nature and Behaviour 25
2 World of Living 23
3 Natural Phenomena 12
4 Effects of Current 13
5 Natural Resources 07
Total Marks 80

Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour

  • Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization, oxidation, and reduction.
  • Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH ions, General properties, examples, and uses, the concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required), the importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.
  • Metals and nonmetals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and properties of ionic compounds.
  • Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon. Homologous series.
  • Periodic classification of elements: Need for classification, early attempts at classification of elements (Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves, Mendeleev’s Periodic Table), Modern periodic table, gradation in properties, valency, atomic number, metallic and non-metallic

Unit II: World of Living

  • Life processes: ‘Living Being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion in plants and animals.
  • Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health- need and methods of family planning. Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS. Childbearing and women’s health.
  • Heredity: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction;

Unit III: Natural Phenomena

  • Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification.
  • Refraction; Laws of refraction, refractive index.
  • Refraction of light by the spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens.
  • Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in daily life.

Unit IV: Effects of Current

  • Electric current, potential difference, and electric current. Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, the parallel combination of resistors, and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life. Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I, and R.
  • Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current-carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on the current-carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic induction. The induced potential difference, Induced current. Fleming’s Right Hand Rule.

Unit V: Natural Resources

  • Our environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production, and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances.

PRACTICALS

Practical should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

  1. Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) on the basis of their reaction with
    1. Litmus solution (Blue/Red)
    2. Zinc metal
    3. Solid sodium carbonate
  2. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:
    • Combination reaction
    • Decomposition reaction
    • Displacement reaction
    • Double displacement reaction
      • The action of water on quicklime
      • The action of heat on ferrous sulfate crystals
      • Iron nails kept in copper sulfate solution
      • The reaction between sodium sulfate and barium chloride solutions
  3. Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Al metals on the following salt solutions:
    • ZnSO4(aq)
    • FeSO4(aq)
    • CuSO4(aq)
    • Al2 (SO4)3(aq)

Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu, and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result.

  1. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determining its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I
  2. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during
  3. Determination of the focal length of (i) Concave mirror and (ii) Convex lens by obtaining the image of a distant
  4. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the
  5. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with the help of prepared
  6. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass